What is free fluid in the pelvis?
Free fluid in the pelvis, also known as pelvic free fluid, is a medical term used to describe the presence of excess fluid in the abdominal-pelvic cavity. The pelvis is the lower part of the abdomen, situated between the hip bones.
Causes:
- Ovarian cyst rupture: When an ovarian cyst ruptures, it can release fluid into the pelvic cavity.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): PID is an infection of the female reproductive organs that can cause inflammation and production of fluid.
- Ectopic pregnancy: In cases where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, such as the fallopian tubes, it can rupture and cause free fluid in the pelvis.
- Endometriosis: This condition occurs when the tissue lining the uterus grows outside of it, leading to inflammation and fluid accumulation.
- Trauma or injury: Pelvic trauma, such as from a car accident or fall, can result in the release of blood or fluid into the pelvis.
Diagnosis:
- Physical examination: A healthcare provider may perform a pelvic examination to check for tenderness, swelling, or abnormal masses.
- Ultrasound: An ultrasound scan can detect the presence of fluid in the pelvis and help identify its source.
- Blood tests: Blood tests, including a complete blood count (CBC) and inflammatory markers, can be done to evaluate for signs of infection or other underlying conditions.
- Laparoscopy: In cases where the exact cause of the free fluid is uncertain, a laparoscopy may be performed. This minimally invasive surgical procedure allows direct visualization and potential treatment of pelvic structures.
Treatment:
The treatment for free fluid in the pelvis depends on the underlying cause. Options may include:
- Observation: If the free fluid is minimal and not causing symptoms, it may resolve without intervention.
- Medications: Antibiotics may be prescribed for infections such as PID. Pain relievers can help alleviate discomfort.
- Surgery: In certain cases, such as severe ovarian cyst rupture or ectopic pregnancy, surgery may be necessary to manage the condition.
- Symptom management: Treatments like warm compresses, rest, and over-the-counter pain medications can provide relief from discomfort.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of free fluid in the pelvis.